So far, such adaptive agricultural knowledge and skills exchanges are serendipitous. The ability for SWP workers to then exchange adaptive knowledge with other Pacific Islanders is enabled by their social relationships, the likes of which an official agricultural extension officer might not have to the same degree.

SWP participation created opportunities for workers to draw on different agricultural skills and knowledge on return to the Pacific Islands. Adaptive knowledge stems from SWP workers’ exposure to different agricultural skills and ideas in Australia, combined with their knowledge and experience of crop production in their countries of origin. We demonstrate how SWP participation opened new possibilities for climate change adaptation in agriculture in the Pacific Islands. It presents empirical evidence from research with 33 Pacific Islanders who grow crops in their home countries and were employed in Australia’s Seasonal Worker Programme (SWP). This paper argues that international labour mobility programmes provide an avenue for knowledge exchange that can support climate change adaptation in agriculture. Opportunities to integrate different types of agricultural knowledge (including ‘modern’ and Indigenous) are needed. A challenge lies in combining agricultural knowledge systems and enabling adaptive knowledge to be shared amongst Pacific Islanders. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation contends that, to adapt, both ‘modern’ and Indigenous agricultural practices and knowledge are needed. Climate change is expected to seriously affect agricultural livelihoods and food security in all Pacific Island countries.

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